Ipamorelin vs CJC-1295: Ghrelin Receptor vs GHRH Receptor

Compare ipamorelin and CJC-1295: GHSR versus GHRH receptor, half-life, pulsatility, and what human and animal studies actually measured.

Ipamorelin and CJC-1295 both show up in growth-hormone secretagogue discussions. They do not bind the same receptor, they do not share a half-life, and they are not interchangeable reagents.

Ipamorelin is a selective ghrelin-receptor hexapeptide analog (a pentapeptide secretagogue). CJC-1295 is a long-acting GHRH analog that binds albumin. One is a GHRP-class GHSR agonist. The other is a GHRH-receptor agonist with multi-day exposure.

Neither is an FDA-approved drug in the sources below. This page is literature comparison for research, not medical advice, and not a protocol.

Research notice: These substances are discussed for laboratory research only. They are not approved for human consumption, medical treatment, or diagnosis.

At a glance

ParameterIpamorelinCJC-1295
Sequence / classPentapeptide Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2; GHRP-class secretagogueLong-acting GHRH analog (albumin-binding)
ReceptorGHRP-like receptor / GHSR pathwayGHRH receptor
Endogenous counterpartGhrelin (GHSR ligand)GHRH
Human half-life in cited studiesTerminal half-life 2 hours (IV infusion PK)5.8-8.1 days (single injection)
GH pattern in cited human dataSingle GH episode, peak at 0.67 h after infusionPulses preserved; trough GH increased 7.5-fold
ACTH/cortisol (swine, Raun 1998)Not different from GHRH stimulationNot tested in that paper
FDA-approved productNoNo

Receptor targets

Ipamorelin was characterized by Raun et al. as the first selective GH secretagogue in its series. In rat pituitary cells it released GH with potency similar to GHRP-6. GHRP and GHRH antagonists showed that ipamorelin, like GHRP-6, acts via a GHRP-like receptor, not by mimicking GHRH. Howard et al. cloned the pituitary/hypothalamus receptor that mediates GH release for this class; Kojima et al. identified ghrelin as the endogenous GHSR ligand.

In swine, Raun et al. found ipamorelin, GHRP-6, and GHRP-2 left FSH, LH, prolactin, and TSH unchanged. GHRP-6 and GHRP-2 raised ACTH and cortisol. Ipamorelin did not raise ACTH or cortisol above GHRH-like levels, including at doses more than 200-fold the GH ED50 in that model. That selectivity is the reason the paper called it the first selective GH secretagogue. It is swine pharmacology, not a human safety label.

CJC-1295 is a long-acting GHRH analog. Teichman et al. studied it as a GHRH analog with prolonged GH and IGF-I stimulation. Ionescu and Frohman described it as a synthetic GHRH analog that binds permanently to endogenous albumin after injection (they cite an 8-day half-life in that context) and stimulates GH and IGF-I in animals and in healthy humans. Alba et al. showed once-daily CJC-1295 normalized growth in GHRH knockout mice, which is a GHRH-axis experiment, not a GHSR experiment.

Bottom line: ipamorelin is GHSR/GHRP-class. CJC-1295 is GHRH-class. Stacking them is a separate experimental design question. This page does not specify how to combine them.

Development and regulatory status

Ipamorelin reached human PK/PD study (Gobburu et al., healthy male volunteers, intravenous infusions). It is not an FDA-approved therapeutic in the sources cited.

CJC-1295 reached randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind ascending-dose trials in healthy adults (Teichman et al.) and a pulsatility study in healthy men (Ionescu and Frohman). It is also not an FDA-approved therapeutic in the sources cited.

Vendor listings of "CJC-1295" on research sites may or may not match the albumin-binding analog used in Teichman 2006. The published human PK is for that long-acting analog. Confirm identity with the supplier's analytical data. This page cannot certify a vial.

What published research has studied

Ipamorelin

  • Discovery / selectivity: Raun et al., rat pituitary cells, anesthetized rats, and conscious swine. GH release comparable to GHRP-6; ACTH/cortisol dissociation versus GHRP-2 and GHRP-6 in swine.
  • Human PK/PD: Gobburu et al. infused ipamorelin over 15 minutes in healthy men (five infusion rates, eight subjects per level). PK was dose-proportional. Terminal half-life 2 hours. Clearance 0.078 L/h/kg. Vss 0.22 L/kg. GH showed a single episode peaking at 0.67 hours, then exponential decline. SC50 for half-maximal GH stimulation was 214 nmol/L.

Those infusion rates are study methods, not a use protocol.

CJC-1295

  • Healthy-adult GH/IGF-I: Teichman et al. gave subcutaneous CJC-1295 or placebo in single- and multiple-dose trials (durations 28 and 49 days; ages 21-61). After a single injection, mean plasma GH rose 2- to 10-fold for 6 days or more, and mean IGF-I rose 1.5- to 3-fold for 9-11 days. Estimated half-life 5.8-8.1 days. After multiple doses, mean IGF-I stayed above baseline for up to 28 days. No serious adverse reactions were reported. The authors described it as safe and relatively well tolerated, particularly at the two lower dose levels they tested.
  • Pulsatility: Ionescu and Frohman sampled GH every 20 minutes overnight in healthy men 20-40 years old, before and 1 week after CJC-1295. Pulsatility persisted. Pulse frequency and magnitude were unaltered. Basal (trough) GH increased 7.5-fold (P less than 0.0001). Mean GH increased 46% (P less than 0.01). IGF-I increased 45% (P less than 0.001). The two dose levels they used did not differ significantly. IGF-I change did not correlate with GH-secretion parameters.
  • Mouse GHRH knockout: Alba et al. reported once-daily CJC-1295 normalized growth in GHRH knockout mice.

Key differences

QuestionIpamorelinCJC-1295
Receptor familyGHSR / GHRP-likeGHRH receptor
Duration of exposure (human PK cited)HoursDays
Pulse architecture in cited human dataOne GH episode after IV infusionOvernight pulses kept; trough raised
ACTH/cortisol signal in Raun swine studySelective (no extra ACTH/cortisol vs GHRH)Not applicable (different receptor)
Human evidence typePK/PD in healthy menGH/IGF-I and pulsatility in healthy adults
Approved drugNoNo

If the experimental variable is a short GHSR pulse, ipamorelin is the GHSR ligand in this pair. If the variable is multi-day GHRH-receptor occupancy with a higher GH trough, CJC-1295 is the ligand in this pair. They are not two strengths of the same peptide.

Peptide pages, vendors, and calculator

Related: GHRP-2 vs GHRP-6, GH secretagogues guide.

References

  1. Howard AD, Feighner SD, Cully DF, et al. A receptor in pituitary and hypothalamus that functions in growth hormone release. Science. 1996;273(5277):974-977. PMID: 8688086. DOI: 10.1126/science.273.5277.974.
  2. Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, et al. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998;139(5):552-561. PMID: 9849822. DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1390552.
  3. Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, et al. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature. 1999;402:656-660. PMID: 10604470. DOI: 10.1038/45230.
  4. Gobburu JV, Agersø H, Jusko WJ, Ynddal L. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of ipamorelin, a growth hormone releasing peptide, in human volunteers. Pharm Res. 1999;16(9):1412-1416. PMID: 10496658. DOI: 10.1023/a:1018955126402.
  5. Teichman SL, Neale A, Lawrence B, et al. Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(3):799-805. PMID: 16352683. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2005-1536.
  6. Ionescu M, Frohman LA. Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(12):4792-4797. PMID: 17018654. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-1702.
  7. Alba M, Fintini D, Sagazio A, et al. Once-daily administration of CJC-1295, a long-acting growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, normalizes growth in the GHRH knockout mouse. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006;291(6):E1290-E1294. PMID: 16822960. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00201.2006.

Frequently asked questions

Do ipamorelin and CJC-1295 use the same receptor?

No. Ipamorelin is a ghrelin-receptor (GHS-R) agonist, in the GHRP class. CJC-1295 is a long-acting analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone and acts at the GHRH receptor. Raun et al. showed ipamorelin stimulates GH via a GHRP-like receptor, not as a GHRH mimic.

Is either peptide FDA-approved?

No. The papers cited here are pharmacology, healthy-volunteer PK/PD, or mouse growth studies. They are not approved-drug labels.

Which has the longer half-life in humans?

CJC-1295. Teichman et al. estimated a half-life of 5.8 to 8.1 days after a single injection in healthy adults. Gobburu et al. reported a terminal half-life of 2 hours for ipamorelin in healthy men after intravenous infusion.

Does CJC-1295 flatten GH pulses?

Ionescu and Frohman found pulsatility was preserved one week after CJC-1295. Pulse frequency and magnitude were unaltered. Trough (basal) GH rose 7.5-fold and mean GH rose 46%, with IGF-I up 45%.

Does this page include a combined protocol?

No. Different receptors are a mechanistic fact, not a use instruction. This site does not publish human dosing protocols for these research peptides.